Ladislaus the Posthumous

Ladislaus the Posthumous
King of Hungary and Croatia
Reign	1440–1457
King of Bohemia
Reign	1453–1457
House	House of Habsburg
Father	Albert II, King of the Romans
Mother	Elizabeth of Luxembourg
Born	22 February 1440(1440-02-22) Komárom, Kingdom of Hungary
Died	23 November 1457(1457-11-23) (aged 17) Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia
Burial	St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague

Ladislaus the Posthumous (22 February 1440 – 23 November 1457) was Duke of Austria from 1440, King of Hungary (as Ladislaus V) from 1444 and King of Bohemia from 1453.^[1][2]

Contents 1 Biography 2 Ancestors 3 Titles 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

Biography

The only son of Albert II, King of the Romans, and Elizabeth of Luxembourg, daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund. He was called Ladislaus Postumus (Czech: Ladislav Pohrobek, Hungarian: Utószülött László, Slovenian and Croatian: Ladislav Posmrtni) because he was born at Komárom (then part of Hungary, now Komárno in Slovakia), four months after his father's death. He succeeded immediately as Duke of Austria and head of the House of Habsburg, and he also became nominal King of Bohemia. But his second cousin Frederick V, ruler of Inner Austria, was chosen to succeed Albert II as King of the Romans.

The estates of Hungary elected Vladislaus III of Poland as King Vladislaus I in succession to Albert II; but the infant Ladislaus's mother had the Holy Crown of Hungary stolen from its guardians at Visegrád and brought to Wiener Neustadt by a lady of the court, Helene Kottannerin. According to legend, the cross on the crown is askew because it was damaged in transit as a result. Elisabeth arranged for Ladislaus to be crowned at Székesfehérvár on 15 May 1440.

For safety's sake, she placed Ladislaus under the guardianship of his Habsburg relative Frederick V, who proceeded to hold him as a virtual prisoner in Schloss Ort and rule Austria himself. On the death of Vladislaus I at the Battle of Varna on 10 November 1444, the Hungarian estates, despite considerable opposition, elected Ladislaus Postumus as their king and sent a deputation to Vienna to induce Frederick to surrender the child and the Holy Crown, which he refused to do. In the meantime, John Hunyadi acted as regent for Ladislaus in Hungary, while George of Poděbrady performed the same office in Bohemia.

From 1450 the pressure of the Austrian estates to free Ladislaus grew. In 1452, they entered into the Mailberg Confederation under the leadership of Ulrich, Baron of Eyczing, and Ulrich II, Princely Count of Celje, and freed Ladislaus by force. Ulrich of Celje, a Slovenian magnate and heir to Bosnia, the cousin of Ladislaus's mother, prevailed against Eyczing and became the new guardian of the child, effectively ruling in his stead.

On 28 October 1453, at the age of thirteen, Ladislaus Postumus was finally crowned King of Bohemia, after which he lived mainly in Prague or Vienna. Ulrich of Celje and Ladislaus remained indifferent to the threat posed in Hungary by the Turks, and Ulrich became increasingly hostile towards John Hunyadi (Hungarian: Hunyadi János), who was bearing the main burden of the battles against the Ottomans. On the death of Hunyadi, Ladislaus made Ulrich governor of Hungary in October 1456 at the Diet of Futtak. After the Siege of Belgrade, Ulrich was murdered by Ladislaus Hunyadi (Hungarian: Hunyadi László). Ladislaus had the young Hunyadi beheaded on 16 March 1457. This raised such a storm in Hungary that the king had to flee to Prague, where he spent the last months of his life.

He died suddenly in Prague on 23 November 1457 while preparing for his marriage to Magdalena of Valois, daughter of Charles VII of France. It was rumored at the time that his political opponents in Bohemia had poisoned him; but in the 20th century it was shown that Ladislaus died of leukemia, not a recognized disease in that period.

Ladislaus's cousins Frederick V and Albert VI succeeded him in Austria; Hungary elected Matthias Corvinus, the brother of Ladislaus Hunyadi, as king; and Bohemia elected George of Poděbrady, the only Hussite ruler of that kingdom.

Ancestors

Ancestors of Ladislaus the Posthumous

16. Albert II, Duke of Austria               8. Albert III, Duke of Austria                       17. Joanna of Pfirt               4. Albert IV, Duke of Austria                             18. Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg               9. Beatrix of Nuremberg                       19. Elisabeth of Meissen               2. Albert II, King of the Romans                                   20. Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor               10. Albert I, Duke of Bavaria                       21. Margaret II, Countess of Hainault               5. Joanna Sophia of Bavaria                             22. Louis I, Duke of Brieg               11. Margaret of Brieg                       23. Agnes of Sagan               1. Ladislaus the Posthumous                                         24. John, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia               12. Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor                       25. Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess of Přemyslid               6. Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor                             26. Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania               13. Elizabeth of Pomerania                       27. Elisabeth of Poland               3. Elisabeth of Luxembourg                                   28. Hermann I, Count of Cilli               14. Hermann II, Princely Count of Celje                       29. Catherine of Bosnia               7. Barbara of Cilli                             30. Henry VII, Count of Schaunberg               15. Anna of Schaunberg                       31. Ursula of Görz

Titles

King of Bohemia, Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Rama, Serbia, Cumania, Bulgaria, Galicia and Lodomeria; Duke of Austria; Margrave of Moravia and Lusatia; Prince of Silesia

See also

• Hofamterspiel

References

• G. Vég, Magyarország királyai és királynői, Maecenas, 1990.
• Maya C. Bijvoet, Helene Kottanner: The Austrian Chambermaid. In: Katharina M. Wilson (ed.), Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation. Athens, Georgia/London 1987, 327-349
• Gertrud Buttlar: Die Belagerung des Ladislaus Postumus in Wiener Neustadt 1452. Wien 1986
• Karl Mollay (Hrsg.): Die Denkwürdigkeiten der Helene Kottannerin (1439–1440). Vienna 1971.
• Historia seu epistola de miserabili morte serenissimi regis Ungarie, Dalmacie, Bohemie... Ed. F. Wachter. In: Scriptores rerum silesicarum 12. Breslau 1883, pp. 87–92.
• Andreas Rüther: Königsmacher und Kammerfrau im weiblichen Blick. Der Kampf um die ungarische Krone (1439/40) in der Wahrnehmung von Helene Kottaner. In: Jörg Rogge (Hrsg.): Fürstin und Fürst. Familienbeziehungen und Handlungsmöglichkeiten von hochadeligen Frauen im Mittelalter. Ostfildern 2004, pp. 225–247.
• Barbara Schmid: Raumkonzepte und Inszenierung von Räumen in Helene Kottanners Bericht von der Geburt und Krönung des Königs Ladislaus Postumus (1440–1457). In: Ursula Kundert, Barbara Schmid, Regula Schmid (Hrsg.): Ausmessen-Darstellen-Inszenieren. Raumkonzepte und die Wiedergabe von Räumen in Mittelalter und früher Neuzeit. Zürich 2007, pp. 113–138.
• Sabine Schmolinsky: Zwischen politischer Funktion und Rolle der «virgo docta»: Weibliche Selbstzeugnisse im 15. Jahrhundert. In: Fifteenth Century Studies. Band 24, 1998, pp. 63–73.
• Horst Wenzel: Zwei Frauen rauben eine Krone. Die denkwürdigen Erfahrungen der Helene Kottannerin (1439–1440) am Hof der Königin Elisabeth von Ungarn (1409–1442). In: Regina Schulte (Hrsg.): Der Körper der Königin. Geschlecht und Herrschaft in der höfischen Welt seit 1500. Frankfurt 2002, pp. 27–48.
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

External links

Media related to [//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ladislas_the_Posthumous Ladislas the Posthumous] at Wikimedia Commons

Ladislaus the Posthumous House of Habsburg Born: 22 February 1440 Died: 23 November 1457
Regnal titles
Preceded by Albert (V)	Archduke of Austria 1440–1457	Succeeded by Frederick V
	King of Bohemia 1453–1457	Succeeded by George
Preceded by Vladislaus I	King of Hungary 1440–1457	Succeeded by Matthias I

Monarchs of Bohemia Přemyslid c.870–1306 Bořivoj I Spytihněv I Vratislaus I Wenceslaus I Boleslaus I Boleslaus II Boleslaus III Vladivoj Boleslaus III Boleslaus the Brave1 Jaromír Oldrich Jaromír Oldrich Bretislaus I Spytihněv II Vratislaus II Conrad I Bretislaus II Bořivoj II Svatopluk the Lion Vladislaus I Bořivoj II Vladislaus I Sobeslaus I Vladislaus II Frederick Sobeslaus II Bedřich Conrad II Wenceslaus II Ottokar I Bretislaus III Vladislaus III Ottokar I 2 Wenceslaus I Ottokar II Wenceslaus II Wenceslaus III Non-dynastic 1306–1310 Henry the Carinthian Rudolph I Henry the Carinthian Luxembourg 1310–1437 John the Blind Charles I Wenceslaus IV Sigismund Habsburg 1437–1457 Albert Interregnum Ladislaus the Posthumous Non-dynastic 1457–1471 George of Poděbrady Matthias Corvinus3 Jagiellon 1471–1526 Vladislaus II Louis Habsburg 1526–1780 Ferdinand I Maximilian Rudolph II Matthias II Ferdinand II Frederick Ferdinand III Ferdinand IV Leopold I Joseph I Charles II Charles Albert3 Maria Theresa Habsburg-Lorraine 1780–1918 Joseph II Leopold II Francis Ferdinand V Francis Joseph Charles III 1 Also duke of Poland from the Piast dynasty. 2 Hereditary kings since 1198. 3 Antiking.

Monarchs of Hungary Stephen I (1000–1038) Peter (1038–1041; 1044–1046) Samuel (1041–1044) Andrew I (1046–1060) Béla I (1060–1063) Solomon (1063–1074) Géza I (1074–1077) Ladislaus I (1077–1095) Coloman (1095–1116) Stephen II (1116–1131) Béla II (1131–1141) Géza II (1141–1162) Stephen III (1162–1172) Ladislaus II (1162–1163) Stephen IV (1163) Béla III (1172–1196) Emeric (1196–1204) Ladislaus III (1204–1205) Andrew II (1205–1235) Béla IV (1235–1270) Stephen V (1270–1272) Ladislaus IV (1272–1290) Andrew III (1290–1301) Ladislaus V (1301-1305) Béla V (1305-1308) Charles I (1310–1342) Louis I (1342–1382) Mary (1382–1385; 1386–1395) Charles II (1385–1386) Sigismund (1387–1437) Albert (1437–1439) Vladislaus I (1440–1444) Ladislaus V (1444–1457) Matthias I (1458–1490) Vladislaus II (1490–1516) Louis II (1516–1526) John I (1526–1540) John II (1540–1570) Ferdinand I (1526–1564) Maximilian (1564–1576) Rudolph (1576–1608) Matthias II (1608–1619) Ferdinand II (1619–1637) Ferdinand III (1637–1657) Ferdinand IV (1647–1654) Leopold I (1657–1705) Joseph I (1705–1711) Charles III (1711–1740) Maria Theresa (1740–1780) Joseph II (1780–1790) Leopold II (1790–1792) Francis (1792–1830) Ferdinand V (1830–1848) Francis Joseph (1848–1916) Charles IV (1916–1918)

Persondata
Name	Posthumous, Ladislaus The
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	22 February 1440
Place of birth	Komárom, Kingdom of Hungary
Date of death	23 November 1457
Place of death	Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia